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Preheat oven to 350°.
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Grease and flour two 9-inch round cake pans or put a 9-inch parchment circle on the bottom of each pan and then spray pans.
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In large bowl, combine flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Sift into another large bowl.
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In another large bowl, beat butter and sugar at medium speed 2 minutes, until fluffy. Beat in egg yolks, one at a time, mixing well after each. Beat in lemon juice, zest, and vanilla.
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At low speed, beat in flour mixture alternately with buttermilk, beginning and ending with flour mixture (about 3 flour additions and 2 buttermilk additions). Beat just until blended.
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In small glass or metal bowl with clean beaters, beat egg whites with cream of tartar until stiff peaks form.
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With rubber spatula, gently fold egg white mixture, in thirds, into batter.
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Spread batter in prepared pans.
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Bake 35 to 40 minutes, until cake tester inserted in centers comes out clean.
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Cool in pans on racks 5-10 minutes Invert onto racks. Let sit until completely cool.